Best toilet: the MaP flush scores, gallons per flush, rough-in and seat heights the makers and MaP publish, compared model by model
MaP list and maker sheets compared: TOTO Drake and Entrada, Kohler Cimarron and Highline, Woodbridge T-0001 all print 1000 g; Champion 4 one-piece 800 g at 1.6 gpf.
- Verified
- Updated
- 12 min read
- 14 sources
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OwnerSpec compares published manufacturer specifications, certification listings and sourced technical documents. Unless a page explicitly states otherwise, OwnerSpec has not laboratory-tested or used the products it compares. Editorial policy
Short answer
For a standard 12 in rough-in the pick is the TOTO Drake CST776CSFG: MaP’s 24 September 2026 tank-type list prints a 1000 gram score, a 3 in flapper and an elongated comfort-height bowl, but it flushes at 1.6 gallons, the federal maximum in 10 CFR 430.32, and carries no WaterSense flag. For the 1.28 gpf WaterSense label at the same 1000 grams, the TOTO Entrada CST244EF and the Kohler Cimarron K-5310 (skirted trapway, 12 in) are the runners-up, and the TOTO Drake MS776124CEFG.10 or the Kohler Highline K-3889 cover a 10 in rough-in. The 2010 ADA Standards, section 604.4, set seat height at 17 to 19 in to the top of the seat. Skip every toilet here if the complaint is running or weak flushing: that is a flapper or a fill valve. Skip the Swiss Madison St. Tropez if you want a MaP figure, because the MaP list prints no row for the brand.
The picks
Standard 12 in rough-in and wants the proven 1.6 gpf flusher
TOTO Drake two-piece elongated 1.6 GPF (CST776CSFG#01)
MaP list 24 Sep 2026, report 61-025: 1000 g, flushes at 1.6 gal, two-piece, 3 in flapper, elongated, comfort height, 12 in rough-in, no WaterSense flag; TOTO SS-02019 (10 in variant): 2-1/8 in trap, 8 psi minimum, one-year limited warranty
10 in rough-in and wants the WaterSense label
TOTO Drake 1.28 GPF 10 in rough-in with SoftClose seat (MS776124CEFG.10#01)
MaP list, report 61-022: 1000 g, WaterSense, 10 in rough-in, two-piece, 3 in flapper; Amazon title lists 1.28 GPF, universal height, SoftClose seat included
Wants TOTO's 1000 g score at 1.28 gpf on a 12 in rough-in
TOTO Entrada two-piece elongated 1.28 GPF (CST244EF#01)
MaP list, report 27-005: 1000 g, WaterSense, elongated, two-piece, 3 in flapper, 12 in rough-in; TOTO's spec sheet was not readable this session, so warranty and ADA statement are not printed here
Wants a skirted trapway that hides the bolts and the trap
Kohler Cimarron Comfort Height skirted trapway (K-5310)
Kohler K-5310 spec sheet: 1.28 gpf, skirted trapway, Comfort Height, AquaPiston canister in place of a 3 in flapper, 12 in rough-in with 10 and 14 in kits sold separately, 15 psi minimum static pressure, 2-1/8 in trap, EPA WaterSense and ADA listed; MaP report 54-042: 1000 g
10 in rough-in and wants Kohler's ADA and WaterSense listing
Kohler Highline Comfort Height 10 in rough-in (K-3889)
Kohler K-3889 spec sheet: 1.28 gpf, 10 in rough-in, Comfort Height, 2-1/8 in fully glazed trapway, EPA WaterSense and ADA listed; MaP report 19-070: 1000 g, WaterSense
Wants a bowl taller than Comfort Height
Kohler Highline Tall (K-25224)
Kohler K-25224 spec sheet: 1.28 gpf, 12 in rough-in, Class Five flush, 2-1/8 in trap passageway, tall height seating 2-1/2 in higher than Comfort Height, EPA WaterSense listed; MaP report 63-007: 1000 g, 3.5 in flapper column
Wants the largest flush valve and a 10-year warranty, not WaterSense
American Standard Champion 4 one-piece elongated 1.6 GPF (2004.314)
American Standard product page: 1.6 gpf, 12 in rough-in, 4 in flush valve, 2-3/8 in fully glazed trapway, 17-3/16 in to the top of the seat, 10 Year Limited Warranty; MaP list: 800 g
Wants a one-piece with a published 1000 g score
Woodbridge one-piece chair height 1.28 GPF dual flush (T0001-CH)
MaP list, report 60-027 (T-0001): 1000 g, WaterSense, one-piece, elongated, comfort height, 3 in flapper, 12 in rough-in; the maker's site was not readable this session, so warranty and seat height are not printed here
If the toilet runs, ghost-flushes or needs two flushes, close this page and run the dye test on the running toilet page first: a flapper or fill valve fixes most of those, and no toilet below is worth buying for that reason.
How was this shortlist built?
Every figure here is a published specification read on 2026-10-03 from the document named beside it: MaP’s 24 September 2026 tank-type list, EPA’s WaterSense pages, 10 CFR 430.32, the ADA Standards, and the maker’s spec sheet or product page where it could be opened. Nothing was installed or flushed by this site, and every listing was confirmed in stock the same day.
Toilets were compared on MaP score, gallons per flush, WaterSense flag, rough-in, bowl shape, seat height, one-piece or two-piece, flush valve size, skirted trapway and warranty. Where a maker’s document was not readable (TOTO’s Entrada and 12 in Drake sheets, Woodbridge’s and Swiss Madison’s sites, American Standard’s Cadet 3 page), the table says so and only the MaP row or the listing title is quoted.
What do the numbers on a toilet spec sheet mean?
| Term | Definition | Who prints it |
|---|---|---|
| Gallons per flush (gpf) | Water per flush. 10 CFR 430.32(q) caps gravity-flush tank, flushometer-tank and electromechanical hydraulic water closets at 1.6 gpf (6.0 Lpf) | eCFR, 10 CFR 430.32 |
| WaterSense | EPA label for toilets at 1.28 gpf or less, which EPA calls 20 percent less water than the 1.6 gpf federal standard. Spec v2.0 (effective July 1, 2025) requires a single flush to clear all test media in at least four of five attempts under the ASME A112.19.2/CSA B45.1 waste extraction test, and caps each mode of a dual-flush at 1.28 gpf | EPA WaterSense residential toilets page and Specification v2.0 |
| MaP score | “The weight in grams of the maximum amount of waste that can be fully evacuated from the toilet in a single flush (including toilet paper)”, using soybean paste test media. Filter steps 250 to 1000 g. MaP states WaterSense toilets carry at least a 350 g score | MaP search page and test protocol |
| MaP PREMIUM | WaterSense certified, at least 600 g (21 oz), effective flush volume no more than 4.0 L (1.1 gal) | MaP PREMIUM page |
| ADA seat height | 17 in minimum, 19 in maximum above the finish floor, measured to the top of the seat; Exception 2 allows 15 to 19 in in residential dwelling units | 2010 ADA Standards, section 604.4 |
| Rough-in | Finished wall to the centre of the floor bolts: 12 in is standard, 10 and 14 in are the alternatives | Maker spec sheets (Kohler K-5310 sells 10 and 14 in kits separately) |
The gram figure and the gallon figure are independent: on MaP’s list the 1.6 gpf TOTO Drake and the 1.28 gpf TOTO Entrada both print 1000 g, which is the top step of MaP’s filter.
How do the toilets compare on paper?
| Model | gpf | MaP score | WaterSense (MaP list) | Rough-in | Flush valve | Height | Pieces | Warranty |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TOTO Drake CST776CSFG | 1.6 (MaP note) | 1000 g | Not flagged | 12 in | 3 in flapper | Comfort height (MaP); ADA with lever on approach side (TOTO .10 sheet) | 2 | 1 year (TOTO .10 sheet) |
| TOTO Drake MS776124CEFG.10 | 1.28 | 1000 g | Yes | 10 in | 3 in flapper | Universal height (listing) | 2 | Not readable |
| TOTO Entrada CST244EF | 1.28 | 1000 g | Yes | 12 in | 3 in flapper | Universal height (listing) | 2 | Not readable |
| Kohler Cimarron K-5310 | 1.28 | 1000 g | Yes | 12 in (10 and 14 in kits) | AquaPiston canister | Comfort Height; ADA listed | 2, skirted | “See website” |
| Kohler Highline K-3889 | 1.28 | 1000 g | Yes | 10 in | Not printed | Comfort Height; ADA listed | 2 | “See website” |
| Kohler Highline Tall K-25224 | 1.28 | 1000 g | Yes | 12 in | 3.5 in (MaP column) | 2-1/2 in above Comfort Height | 2 | “See website” |
| American Standard Champion 4 one-piece 2004.314 | 1.6 (maker page) | 800 g | MaP flags it; the maker page does not mention it | 12 in | 4 in | 17-3/16 in to top of seat | 1 | 10-year limited |
| American Standard Cadet 3 one-piece 2403.813 | 1.28 (listing) | Not printed in the MaP list | Yes | Not read | Not read | Not read | 1 | Not read |
| Woodbridge T-0001 (T0001-CH) | 1.28 dual (listing) | 1000 g | Yes | 12 in | 3 in flapper | Comfort height (MaP) | 1 | Not readable |
| Swiss Madison St. Tropez | 1.1/1.6 dual (listing) | No row in the MaP list | Not eligible under spec 3.2 at 1.6 full flush | Not read | Not read | Not read | 1 | Not read |
TOTO Drake 1.6 gpf and 1.28 gpf: buy it or skip it?
Buy the Drake CST776CSFG if the rough-in is 12 in and flush performance outranks the water label. MaP’s list prints 1000 g, a 3 in flapper, an elongated comfort-height bowl and the note that it flushes at 1.6 gallons. TOTO’s SS-02019 sheet for the 10 in variant lists a 2-1/8 in trap, 8 psi minimum flowing pressure, IAPMO (cUPC) and a one-year limited warranty.
The flaw is the name: a 1.6 gpf Drake and a 1.28 gpf Drake share it, so the suffix decides. CSF is the 1.6 gpf model with no WaterSense flag on MaP’s list; CEF is the 1.28 gpf model MaP flags WaterSense. A utility rebate reads the suffix, not the family.
Buy the Drake MS776124CEFG.10 if the bolts sit 10 in from the wall: MaP’s list prints 1000 g and WaterSense for the .10 model, and the listing includes a SoftClose seat. The rough-in page measures the distance.
Skip both if warranty length decides: TOTO’s one year is the shortest printed here, against American Standard’s ten.
TOTO Entrada: buy it or skip it?
Buy it if you want TOTO’s 1000 g at 1.28 gpf on a 12 in rough-in and the Drake’s price is the objection. MaP’s list prints 1000 g, WaterSense, elongated, two-piece, a 3 in flapper and 12 in for the Entrada CST244EF .
The flaw is the paperwork: TOTO’s Entrada spec sheet returned 403 on every fetch this session, so its warranty, trap diameter and the height behind “Universal Height” are not printed here.
Skip it if you want a skirted trapway: no source read here lists one for the Entrada.
Kohler Cimarron K-5310: buy it or skip it?
Buy it if you want the trapway and the floor bolts hidden. Kohler’s K-5310 spec sheet lists 1.28 gpf, a skirted trapway, Comfort Height, a 2-1/8 in trap passageway, 15 psi minimum static pressure, a 12 in rough-in with 10 and 14 in kits sold separately, and EPA WaterSense and ADA in its codes list. MaP’s list prints 1000 g.
The flaw is the flush valve: Kohler’s AquaPiston canister replaces the 3 in flapper, so the flapper cross-reference on the 2 in versus 3 in flapper page does not apply and the replacement seal is a Kohler part. Kohler prints “see website” for the warranty, and that page was not read.
Skip it if the supply pressure is low: 15 psi minimum static is nearly double TOTO’s 8 psi.
Kohler Highline K-3889 and Highline Tall K-25224: buy them or skip them?
Buy the Highline K-3889 if the rough-in is 10 in and you want Kohler rather than TOTO there. Kohler’s K-3889 sheet lists 1.28 gpf, a 10 in rough-in, Comfort Height, a 2-1/8 in fully glazed trapway, and EPA WaterSense and ADA in its codes. MaP’s list prints 1000 g.
Buy the Highline Tall K-25224 if a Comfort Height bowl is still too low. Kohler’s K-25224 sheet lists tall height seating 2-1/2 in higher than Comfort Height, 1.28 gpf, a 12 in rough-in and a Class Five flush; MaP’s list prints 1000 g with 3.5 in in the flapper column.
The flaw is the height itself: ADA 604.4 stops at 19 in to the top of the seat and the K-25224 sheet does not list ADA, so this page makes no ADA claim for it.
Skip both if you want a skirted trapway: neither Highline sheet lists one.
American Standard Champion 4 and Cadet 3: buy them or skip them?
Buy the Champion 4 one-piece 2004.314 if the warranty and the valve size decide. American Standard’s page lists 1.6 gpf, a 4 in flush valve, a 2-3/8 in fully glazed trapway, 17-3/16 in to the top of the seat and a 10 Year Limited Warranty. MaP’s list prints 800 g.
The flaw is a conflict this page cannot resolve: MaP’s list flags the one-piece 2004.314 as WaterSense, while the maker’s own page prints 1.6 gpf and never mentions WaterSense. Until EPA’s product database confirms it, this page counts it as a 1.6 gpf toilet. American Standard’s two-piece Champion 4 767AA101 is the 1.28 gpf WaterSense version on the maker’s page, with a 17 in chair height including the seat and a lifetime warranty on the chinaware.
The Cadet 3 one-piece 2403.813 appears on MaP’s list with a WaterSense flag and no gram score, and its maker page was not read, so this page cannot rank it. Skip it if the MaP figure is why you are here.
Woodbridge T-0001 and Swiss Madison St. Tropez: buy them or skip them?
Buy the Woodbridge T0001-CH if you want a one-piece with a published score. MaP’s list prints 1000 g, WaterSense, elongated comfort height, a 3 in flapper and 12 in for the T-0001, and the listing title repeats the 1000 gram figure.
The flaw is that nothing else about it could be verified: Woodbridge’s site served a captcha page, so warranty, seat height and pressure range are unread.
The Swiss Madison St. Tropez is the lesson of this page: its listing describes a 1.1/1.6 gpf dual flush, no Swiss Madison row turned up in MaP’s list, and WaterSense spec v2.0 section 3.2 rules out a 1.6 gallon full flush. Skip it if you want a MaP score or the label.
Measure two things before you buy
Do not order any toilet until the rough-in is measured from the finished wall to the centre of the floor bolts (12 in is standard, 10 and 14 in need the matching model or Kohler’s kit) and the seat height is checked against the 17 to 19 in in ADA 604.4 for the person who will use it. If the old toilet only runs or flushes weakly, the flapper cross-reference and the fill valve page are the cheaper fix.
What goes wrong?
The rough-in is wrong. A 12 in toilet against a 10 in wall leaves a gap no flange spacer closes; a 10 in toilet on a 12 in rough-in stands 2 in off the wall. The rough-in page shows the measurement.
The seat shape does not match. Every toilet on this page is elongated, so a round seat will not fit. The round versus elongated page has the measurement.
The flapper does not match. TOTO and Woodbridge print 3 in, Kohler’s Highline Tall 3.5 in, American Standard 4 in and the Cimarron a canister seal; a 2 in hardware-store flapper fits none of them.
The score was read off the wrong row. CSF and CEF, 2004.314 and 767AA101 are different models with different gallons; look up the full model number in MaP’s list, not the family name.
Frequently asked questions
What is a MaP score and what counts as good?
MaP's search page defines the MaP score as the weight in grams of the maximum amount of waste a toilet fully evacuates in a single flush, including toilet paper, using soybean paste test media. MaP's filter steps run from 250 to 1000 g. MaP states WaterSense toilets carry at least a 350 g score, and MaP PREMIUM requires at least 600 g at no more than 1.1 gallons.
Is 1.28 gpf or 1.6 gpf better?
They are two limits, not two qualities. 10 CFR 430.32 caps gravity-flush tank toilets at 1.6 gallons per flush, and EPA WaterSense labels toilets at 1.28 gpf or less, which EPA calls 20 percent less water. On MaP's list the 1.6 gpf TOTO Drake and the 1.28 gpf TOTO Entrada both print 1000 g, so the gallon figure decides water use, and the MaP row decides flush performance.
What toilet height is ADA compliant?
The 2010 ADA Standards, section 604.4, set the seat height of a water closet at 17 inches minimum and 19 inches maximum above the finish floor, measured to the top of the seat. Exception 2 allows 15 to 19 inches in residential dwelling units. Comfort Height, Universal Height and Chair Height are maker names, so check the seat height printed on the spec sheet against those figures.
Can a dual-flush 1.1/1.6 gpf toilet carry the WaterSense label?
Not under the current specification. EPA's WaterSense Specification for Tank-Type Toilets Version 2.0, effective July 1, 2025, section 3.2, requires both the full-flush and reduced-flush modes of a dual-flush toilet to stay at or below 1.28 gpf. A toilet whose full flush is 1.6 gallons, like the Swiss Madison St. Tropez as its listing describes it, falls outside that rule.
Should I replace a toilet that runs or flushes weakly?
Usually not. A toilet that runs between flushes or refills on its own almost always has a worn flapper or a fill valve that no longer seals, and both are inexpensive parts matched by model number. Run the dye test on the running-toilet page first. Replace the fixture only for a cracked bowl, a rough-in or height change, or a low MaP score you want to leave behind.
Fact sheet and how to cite this page
- Answer
- For a 12 in rough-in the pick is the TOTO Drake CST776CSFG: MaP’s 24 September 2026 list prints 1000 g with a 3 in flapper, at 1.6 gpf, the federal maximum in 10 CFR 430.32. At the WaterSense 1.28 gpf, the TOTO Entrada CST244EF and Kohler Cimarron K-5310 also print 1000 g, while the Champion 4 one-piece prints 800 g at 1.6 gpf. ADA 604.4 sets seat height at 17 to 19 in.
- Comparison basis
- MaP’s 24 September 2026 tank-type toilet list (MaP score in grams, WaterSense flag, one- or two-piece, flapper size, bowl shape, comfort height, rough-in), the EPA WaterSense residential toilets page and Specification v2.0, 10 CFR 430.32, ADA Standards section 604.4, and the spec sheets or product pages for TOTO CST776CSFG.10, Kohler K-5310, K-3889 and K-25224, and American Standard 2004.314 and 767AA101.
- Assumptions
- The reader has measured the rough-in from the finished wall to the centre of the floor bolts; 12 in is the default and 10 or 14 in needs the matching model or kit
- A 1000 g MaP score is the top step of MaP’s published filter, so models printing 1000 are not ranked against each other
- Where a maker’s document was not readable this session (TOTO Entrada, TOTO Drake 12 in, Woodbridge, Swiss Madison, Cadet 3), only the MaP row or the listing title is quoted and the gap is stated
- Method
- OwnerSpec compared manufacturer-published specifications and MaP’s published test list read on 2026-10-03 and confirmed each listing in stock the same day; it did not install, flush or test any toilet, and reports only the figures the cited document states.
- Primary source
- MaP, all tank-type and electro-hydraulic toilets list, 24 September 2026 (xlsx) (manufacturer or vendor document)
- Facts verified
- Last updated
- Canonical URL
- https://ownerspec.com/plumbing/reviews/best-toilet/
- Cite as
- OwnerSpec, "Best toilet: the MaP flush scores, gallons per flush, rough-in and seat heights the makers and MaP publish, compared model by model", https://ownerspec.com/plumbing/reviews/best-toilet/, facts verified 3 October 2026.
Every figure above also appears, with its source, in the article. All sources ยท How OwnerSpec verifies numbers
Sources
- MaP, all tank-type and electro-hydraulic toilets list, 24 September 2026 (xlsx) (manufacturer or vendor document)
- MaP, search toilets (MaP score definition and WaterSense note) (manufacturer or vendor document)
- MaP, MaP PREMIUM definition (manufacturer or vendor document)
- MaP, test protocol (manufacturer or vendor document)
- EPA WaterSense, residential toilets (government or regulatory source)
- EPA WaterSense, Specification for Tank-Type Toilets Version 2.0 (May 2024) (government or regulatory source)
- eCFR, 10 CFR 430.32(q) water closets (government or regulatory source)
- U.S. Access Board, 2010 ADA Standards, section 604.4 seats (government or regulatory source)
- TOTO, Drake CST776CSFG.10 spec sheet SS-02019 (manufacturer or vendor document)
- Kohler, Cimarron K-5310 spec sheet (manufacturer or vendor document)
- Kohler, Highline K-3889 spec sheet (manufacturer or vendor document)
- Kohler, Highline Tall K-25224 spec sheet (manufacturer or vendor document)
- American Standard, Champion 4 one-piece 1.6 gpf elongated (2004314.020) (manufacturer or vendor document)
- American Standard, Champion 4 two-piece 1.28 gpf chair height elongated (767AA101.020) (manufacturer or vendor document)